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Week 6: Racist ideologies, Cultural Studies, & Culture Wars

I usually get exhausted half-way through 40+ page academic articles, but getting through "Race, Articulation and Societies Structured in Dominance" felt SO rewarding. Stuart Hall carefully untangles the limitations of economic and sociological theoretical frameworks and insists on linking & theorizing economic, historical, social, ideological, and of course, racial structures through the process of articulation. Toward the end of the piece, Hall writes “The ideologies of racism remain contradictory structures, which can function both as the vehicles for the imposition of dominant ideologies, and as the elementary forms for the cultures of resistance” (241). I am interested in the latter part of this statement: How do ideologies of racism also create cultures of resistance? What does this resistance look like? What conditions and structures cause different non-Black ethnic groups to weaponize racist ideologies for their own benefit? 


On the institutionalization of cultural studies, Slack writes “as cultural studies becomes more ‘domesticated,’ that is, as it becomes a more institutionally acceptable academic practice, the ‘problem’ of articulation will be cast more as a theoretical, methodological and epistemological one than a political and strategic one (127). This sentiment also echoes that of Stuart Hall’s, where instead of perceiving cultural studies as a critical, deconstructive project, it is seen as “one more paradigm”(“On Postmodernism and Articulation” 59). What do you all see as the current concerns of theory & theorizing in the field of cultural studies? What conditions in academia lead to theory losing its political imperative? (Here, I am also thinking about how critical race theory and/or abolitionist thought are subject to being metaphorized, treated as an ornament or career booster in the academy😐).

P.S.: What do you all make of the "culture wars"? Is there really such a thing as two (maybe multiple) competing ideologies or one ideology rearticulated to serve a different purpose (Biden-Harris's intersectional imperialism, for one)?

Thelma

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2/2 Discussion Questions

Althusser makes a point that ISAs operate as "unified" under the ruling ideology. To what extent are certain ISAs unified if they are "the site of class struggle" playing out, holding the potential for "ruptures" (to use Hall's phrase) with dominant ideologies? Here, I am thinking about the University of Iowa's COVID policies and how its rules are practiced and applied in many different ways throughout campus, as administrative burdens and scale make it difficult to oversee large numbers of employees. More generally, as junior scholars, grad students, and/or individuals doing cultural studies work, does it make more sense for us to do deep and nuanced readings of theorists such as Marx and Althusser in our work, or to cite others who have expanded these traditions over the years?

Week 6 Discussion Qs

 Hall brings up the concept of interpellation as applied to social formations. (p 335) How is interpellation related to articulation? How are the two different, if at all? Must the two be discussed together? I have more difficulty conceptualizing interpellation than I do articulation. If we are to take up Hall's warning not to study racism as a set of "historically specific racisms" (336) nor as something with a "universal structure" (337). What balance can we strike today between these two approaches in our current historical moment? Eduardo Bonilla-Silva has written that certain forms of modern racism have been impacted by the prevalent ideology of "colorblindness." Are we still in this moment or are new specificities arising?